Temperament
Energetic, Intelligent, Wary, Loyal.
Health problems to know about
- Factor VII deficiency
- Patellar luxation
- Juvenile cataracts
- Hypothyroidism
Ask breeders for the parents' health test results, and check what your national breed club recommends screening for.
Daily care
At least an hour of activity a day plus training games. Weekly brushing, daily during the twice-yearly shed. Lots of early socialisation with people.
A good fit for
Active adults or families with older children who want a small, smart dog and will put in socialisation work.
Probably not ideal for
Homes with toddlers, people who dislike dog hair, or owners wanting an outgoing greeter (they are wary of strangers).
Sources
Popularity: AKC 2025 registration rankings (US); Royal Kennel Club 2025 registrations (UK, ranked by us). Breed traits are tendencies, not guarantees. Individual dogs vary, and mixed breeds and rescues can be wonderful fits too.
